Target 13.a: Mobilize $100 billion a year for developing countries

Implement the commitment undertaken by developed-country parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change to a goal of mobilizing jointly $100 billion annually by 2020 from all sources to address the needs of developing countries in the context of meaningful mitigation actions and transparency on implementation and fully operationalize the Green Climate Fund through its capitalization as soon as possible

Necessary Owners remove an obstacle nothing else removes. Others must also act.

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Why shareholder democracy is necessary

The $100 billion commitment is a public-finance pledge: OECD reports developed countries provided and mobilized $115.9 billion in 2022, about 80 percent of it public money. But the private share, $21.9 billion mobilized through public interventions, flows through publicly listed banks such as HSBC and Deutsche Bank, both Green Climate Fund accredited entities. Without that $21.9 billion, the remaining $94 billion would have fallen short of the goal in 2022. The scale of private climate finance is decided in those banks' boardrooms. If listed banks, insurers, and asset managers treated developing-country climate finance as a strategic priority rather than a compliance line, private mobilization could grow well beyond the current minority share. Treasury commitments still set the floor, so owners are a necessary contributor and governments must also act.

How this was scoredNecessary

Necessary. Owners remove an obstacle nothing else removes. Others must also act.

We have not yet written down the two answers behind this rating. Recording them on every item, so a reader can check the reasoning and not only the conclusion, is work in progress.

Every rating is the higher of two answers, one for what companies do and one for what they spend to stop the outcome, because the same vote reaches both. See the full method.

Sources

No shareholder advocacy found yet

We looked and found nothing that met our standard, which is a source we opened and confirmed. No shareholder proposal, investor letter or coalition engagement located that asks listed banks, insurers or asset managers to scale climate finance for developing countries specifically. The closest ownership precedent is the 2024 New York City Comptroller clean energy financing ratio proposals at Goldman Sachs and Bank of America, recorded under unsdg|7.b; the fetched Goldman Sachs exempt solicitation contains no reference to emerging or developing markets. Web search was unavailable for this batch, so research relied on direct fetches of known sources.

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UN Sustainable Development Goals, every item scored for how far it depends on owners voting their values, with the reasoning and the sources behind each rating.

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How this rating was made

Every item on every one of our maps is read against one question: how far does this depend on the people who own companies voting their values? We answer it twice, once for what companies do and once for what they spend to stop the outcome, and take whichever answer is higher, since the same vote reaches both. The score carries its reasoning and its sources so that a reader can check it rather than take it.

Pivotal. Owners voting their values can deliver most of the outcome.
Necessary. Owners remove an obstacle nothing else removes, and others must also act.
Helpful. Owners voting their values help, and others carry most of it.
Independent. This moves without owners. Other levers carry it.

The advocacy record on this page holds only what a source we opened says happened. Where we searched and found nothing, the page says so rather than leaving a silence. Where a campaign names a filer the source does not name, it says that too. Ratings are ours; the list of subjects is UN Sustainable Development Goals's, and we link to their original.

How we score dependency, in full.